Here are some notes about this course.

How to connect with audience

There are researches show that only present story when talking to sb, which may make them easiler to understand and memory your speech.

S.T.A.R

Here are base structure of a story

• Situation
• Task
• Action
• Result

Showing vs. Telling e.g.

• Telling(Not every memorable): In education and learning, review and memorization is not as effective as practice and simulation.

• Showing (Story)

1. S. Airplane flight training
2. T. Engine warning light
3. A. Practice in a flight simulator vs. written test
4. R. Save Landing vs. crash

When talking your story, the more detial you introduce to the audience, the more they will memmory. Try to made a pic in their mind. You should balance the similarity and uniqueness of your story. The task that you talk should not be sloved by the audience in 10s.

Good stories depend on the uncertainty and conflict.

We need try and fail before we can succeed.

3 things in a story

1. A mutlti-sided character
2. The audience wants to see them succeed

Asignment 2

Week 3

1. Certain traps: Being certain instead of asking more questions/gathering more information

   • Moral certainty trap: Judge the opposition as morally deficient or lacking intelligence.
   • Confirmation bias: We are more likely to recognize, trust and remember information that confirms our pre-existing beliefs.

2. Information Deficit Model:

   • Sharing more information between people who disagree = More agreement on what is true
   • When does more information lead to more agreement?
     • When the information is credible and relevant
     • When the information is shared in a way that is respectful and non-confrontational
     • When the individuals are open to changing their beliefs

3. More information can produce the “boomerrang effect”

   • More explainatoin: when you try to persuade someone, and it causes the opposite reaction that you intended.
   • More information = less agreement
   • When it take place(signal)? Disengagement, reactance, and motivated reasoning, trigger threat “fight or flight”
   • How to avoid it? Active listening, deep canvassing(Next class)
   • It is particularly strong when = Win-loss frame, Arguments that threaten “group identity”, attacking the other person’s character, Purposefully omitting information = less trust, Loaded language

Week 4

Reviewing for some key concept

• Automatic disambiguation: Brain’s tendency to instantly interpret ambiguous situations as having a clear meaning - without conscious offort.
• Certainty trap = being certain instead of asking more questions/gathering more information
• Moral certainty trap = judge the opposition as morally deficient or lacking intelligence
• Confirmation bias = we are more likely to trust and remember information that confirms our pre-existing belief. We have a bias in favor of confirming our existing beliefs.

How to avoid boomerrang effect

• Don’t immediately counter-argue
• Recognize and respect the other’s emotional state
• Ask clarifying questions
• Paraphrase

Week 5 | Teaching

Example | SPSS

1. What is SPSS
2. Why it is useful(to make audience think that is useful): professional development

Six effective teaching strategies

1. Use audience centered commmunication
2. Rrelevant before content
3. Break big ideas into smaller parts
4. Check audience’s understanding
5. Examples before abstractions
6. Balance
7. pointing the stuff and explain it